Few Linux commands to make hardware work

sometime we find it very difficult to make our linux detect the peripherals connected to the system.
well these few commands will help:-
lspci- this will output the peripheral devices connected to the computer bus. use -v option to see the details of the devices.
Now u have to find the modules for the hardware which u r unable to use in linux. In my case it happened to be onboard soundcard. Search on google to download the kernel modules for the hardware u want to make work. Download the modules for ur kernel version. To find which kernel u r running use uname -r.
I downloaded alsa-modules for my kernel ie. 2.4.27-2-386
now use this commmand
modprobe module_name
to load the module in the kernel.
and u r done.
hope this will give u hint to know wht to do? Well i m new to linux n trying to learn basics. Will post something interesting in next post.

A C program which prints itself

main(){char *s="main(){char *s=%c%s%c;printf(s,34,s,34,10);}";printf(s,34,s,34,10);}

cool declaration of 's'.
see here 34 is for ' " ' and 10 for newline.

removing duplicates from array

One simple way to do it is sort the array by some efficient algos ie O(N*log(N)).

rather than that you can create a new associative array with indexes as the value of the given array elements .

so to remove duplicate in, say,
A[]={1,3,5,3,8,1,3,5,8,5,5,4}
we create a new associative array B[] such that

for (i=0; i< style="color: rgb(51, 51, 255);"> B[A[i]] = 1;

now you can get the array of keys having value '1' in A
ie
A = getkey(B,1)
where getkey will return the array of keys where value of B[key]=1
so A will not have the duplicates.

swapping two variable without using temp

This is very trivial stuff. Still I thought it could be helpful to someone.

Let two variables to swap be 'a' and 'b'

so,
step 1) a = a + b
step 2) b = a - b
step 3) a = a - b